Erbil Citadel

The Citadel town of Erbil lies in the middle of the greater city of Erbil, the Capital City of the Kurdish Regional Government in Iraq.

 

The overall form of the citadel town is circular but more elliptical to be precise. It rises some 30 meters above the ground level of the lower city . Its long diameter is about 430 meters and its short diameter is about 340 meters. Its overall area is slightly more than 102,000 square meters. It is surrounded by a steep earthen mound in all directions which made it very difficult for any attacker to scale it. The houses that are built on the perimeter are contiguous and form a solid wall very similar to fortified citadels of medieval times.. Because of its imposing height, yellow-ochre color, and the solid perimeter wall, the town is perhaps one of the most dramatic visual experiences in the Middle East.

The citadel town of Erbil represents a distinct urban entity and should be treated as such. The citadel town is the unique heritage of human experience and genius of thousands of years. It tells the story of how hundreds of past generations interacted with their natural environment and how they developed their way of life based on their cultural norms and values. Recently, the citadel town has been included as one of the 100 most endangered cultural sites in the world by the World Monument Fund (WMF) in New York. The outer wall of the citadel town is perhaps its single most important feature and is one of the most impressive found anywhere. It is this perimeter wall which surrounds the town that gives it its fortified look and dominates the modern City of Erbil. The wall is a continuous ring of about a hundred houses of various vintages.

First Day 

  • Beginning at the airport in Erbil.
  • Arrival at the airport in Baghdad.
  • Mansour Street for dinner.
  •  Head back to the hotel.

Baghdad: After Cairo, Baghdad is the largest city in the Arab world and the capital of the Republic of Iraq. It is also the largest city in Iraq. Numerous significant landmarks, including museums, historical schools, libraries, and theaters, could be seen there.

 

 

Second Day

  • Starting at the hotel
  • The Tigris River and Osman Palace are included in an adventure to Al-Mutanabbi Street.
  • Paying a visit to the Kadhimiyah Mosque.
  • Martyrs’ Square visit
  • Tahrir Square visit
  • Exploring the English Cemeteries
  •  Journey to the shrine of King Ghazi, King Faisal, and other royal princes and nobles
  •  Karrada Street for lunch
  • Head back to the hotel.

 

The Martyr’s Monument, also known as the Martyr’s Memorial, was created by Iraqi sculptor Ismail Fatah Al Turk and is placed in Baghdad, the country’s capital.

Third Day 

Visiting a number of historic locations, such as Samawah and Mawiya Samawah, as well as having a tour guide with you

  • A trip to Basra and “Zagora Or” in Nasiriyah
  • Lunch
  • Head back to the hotel
  • A ship’s dinner on the Shatt al-Arab
  • Seaside stroll
  • Head back to the hotel

Orr: Orr is an archaeological site of a Sumerian city in southern Iraq, considered one of the world’s oldest known civilizations. The city is well-known for the Zuqoura building, which serves as a temple to the gods.

Basra: Basra is an Iraqi city in the far south of Iraq on the West Bank of the Shatt-al-Arab. It serves as the administrative and political center of Basra province. It is also Iraq’s main port.

 

Fourth Day

  • Visit to Basra’s Hussein Museum
  • A trip to the marshes and the use of boats
  • Lunch
  • Return back to Basra Airport, then to Erbil Airport

The Ahwar is a triangular set of water bodies located on its heads in the cities of Amara, Nasiriyah, Basra, Dhi Qar, and Maysan.